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6 principles of structural design and calculation of storage shelves
2022-01-10 14:09
In the eyes of most people, the shelf is just a simple welding and assembly of various profiles. However, the design and production of shelves are far from imagined as simple, such as storage shelves need to consider various aspects of a variety of issues, not only need to take into account the practicality of the shelf, but also take into account the aesthetics of the shelf. After years of experience and practice, we have summed up a set of shelf design principles.
The design requirements of storage shelves are relatively strict. We should consider various aspects such as the placement of shelves, practicability, maximizing the use of space, economy, efficiency, etc., and consider comprehensively to maximize the role of shelves.
1. Warehouse facilities
The effective height under the beam must be considered when selecting the shelf to determine the height of the shelf. The position of the beam and column will affect the configuration of the shelf. The strength of the floor, the ground flatness is also related to the design and installation of the shelf. In addition, the installation location of fire protection facilities and lighting facilities must be considered.
The structure of the warehouse is also various, when we choose the shelf, the structure of the warehouse is a very important factor. Because the warehouse can determine the height, width, and structure of the shelf, and the design of the shelf should also take into account the installation position and size of the warehouse fire fighting equipment.
2. Storage units
Customers want to tell us what they need shelves are used to place or store goods, so that our shelf factory can make appropriate shelves according to the weight, size and quantity of goods, because these data of goods can facilitate us to choose what kind of materials to make.
The shape and size of the stored items are directly related to the selection of the shelf specifications, and the weight of the stored items directly affects the selection of the strength of the shelf. And the storage unit, in what unit to store, pallets (pallets) or storage cages or single items have different shelf selection types. In addition, the estimated number of total storage digits must take into account the company's growth needs in the next two years.
3. Storage management
General accessibility is relative to storage density. That is, in order to obtain a higher storage density, the accessibility of the article must be relatively sacrificed. Although some types of shelves can be better storage density, but relative to its storage management is more complex, often can not do first-in-first-out control. The best of course three-dimensional automatic warehouse can be developed up, access and storage density is good, but the relative investment cost is more expensive. Therefore, the choice of what type of storage equipment, can be said to be a compromise of various factors, but also the application of a strategy.
According to the type of goods, conspicuous signs are set up to facilitate the staff to check the leakage and fill the vacancy. The area of each label should not be less than 20 square centimeters, and the clarity and color of the font should be set according to the maximum unit load. The maximum load mark (kg) of each layer, the maximum load allowed, and the number of unit loads allowed to be stored in each cargo compartment.
4. Radius of rotation
Access to storage equipment is done by handling equipment. Therefore, the selection of storage equipment should be considered together with handling equipment. Stacker is a general handling equipment, and the width of the shelf channel will directly affect the selection type of stacker, which is counterweight type or narrow.
There are many types of equipment for handling goods in the warehouse, and it is also necessary to consider when choosing transportation equipment. Shelf factory according to the width of the warehouse traffic channel, shelf structure style and so on to consider, although the handling machine is a kind of general equipment, but did not choose the right, will cause work efficiency, access to the convenience of goods greatly reduced.
5. Access quantity
The density of goods is closely related to the access performance. The higher the density of goods placed, the lower the access performance will be. There may be some shelves of the style structure can make the density of goods placed relatively high, but the management of this shelf is very complex, it is difficult to achieve the same in and out of the management. Now only that kind of three-dimensional automatic shelf may reach this density in the future, can achieve the effect of the same in and out, but its cost is also relatively high, so what kind of shelf to choose, shelf factory is to consider a lot of problems.
Although some types of shelves have good storage density, but the amount of storage is not high, suitable for low-frequency operations. High inbound and outbound volume is a very important data, which is an important consideration for shelf form selection.
6. Force analysis and calculation
A, force constant load: constant load refers to the self-weight of the structure of the storage shelf itself, connecting the weight of the C- shaped steel and the frame, purlin, frame, roof panel, wall panel.
B, live load: live load refers to the weight of goods and pallets placed on storage shelves, and also involves the snow (rain) load on the roof.
C, wind load: is the focus of the overall three-dimensional warehouse force calculation. The investor of the integral three-dimensional warehouse is based on the reasonable and effective use of space, so the height of the integral three-dimensional warehouse is higher, and the general aspect ratio is: L (height) = 1.5~2W (width). The security of warehouse under wind load is an important index. The calculation of the influence of wind load on the storage shelf column will generally be completed by the steel structure force calculation software, and the system force simulation should be adopted at the same time.
d, seismic crack: according to the GBJ11-89 "code for seismic design of buildings", generally take the seismic crack fortification grade is 7.
e. Vertical impact load: refers to the impact load generated when the stacker stores the goods.
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